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Dispensing processes use a variety of technologies. The most common: squeeze bottles and paint brushes. All are simple, handheld devices that allow some measure of control over the placement and amount of fluid deposition. The operator squeezes the bottle or dabs the brush, and an amount of fluid is delivered. “Air-over” syringe dispensers offer more precision. These devices use compressed air to displace the material in a syringe through a dispensing tip or needle. Where larger volumes of material are required, dispensing valves, pumps or guns that use a separate reservoir are employed. These devices operate like a kitchen faucet; when opened, the valve permits the fluid to pass through until shut off. These dispensing technologies are often placed on robotic systems, to increase placement accuracy or throughput rates. Many robotic platforms have closed-loop positional control. However, they lack closedloop dispensing control. As with any dispensing technology, the amount of material deposited depends on control of the placement as well as the volume of material.
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